India as Emerging Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

India as Emerging Market - Essay Example The preface of Indian Constitution pronounces India as sovereign, communist, common and law based republic and critically guarantees social, financial and political equity. Subsequently, India is naturally a cutting edge social law based state with a solid accentuation given to ‘socialistic example of development’ (Basu, 1994). The Directive Principles of State Policy outlined to some extent IV of the Indian constitution maintains the idea of a functioning government assistance state which could mediate in the social, strict, and social undertakings of the nation so as to guarantee progress. Indian federalism is of a blended kind wherein states and the inside adequately employ power particular regions. In any case, the middle has incomparable force in numerous territories including the ability to excuse the chosen governments at the state level as far as article 356. For Basu (1994), in spite of the fact that the bureaucratic framework is the fundamental structure of the legislature of the nation, a solid blend of unitary inclination is clear. The Panchayati Raj framework is an extraordinary quality of Indian nation. Kashyap (2002) is the view that â€Å"the seventy-third and seventy-fourth established alterations have rolled out some central improvements in our political structure and in the status of neighborhood institutions†. From that point, administration has been impressively decentralized through panchayats and different organizations of nearby administration. In spite of the fact that India has a solid economy and a youthful, lively work constrain, it is still long behind as far as human turn of events. Wellbeing stays an uncertain issue, over portion of the kids in the nation are malnourished. 33% of the populace despite everything faces ceaseless yearning. Lion's share of the populace lives with not exactly a dollar for each day. In education rate, India is even behind a portion of the neediness ridden sub-Saharan nations. Further more, the sexual orientation and provincial hole as far as

King Lear Journey To Expiate Sin Essays - British Films

Ruler Lear: Journey To Expiate Sin Shakespeare's disaster King Lear is a point by point portrayal of the outcomes of limited's choices. This invented man is Lear, Ruler of England, who's choices enormously modify his life and the lives of everyone around him. As Lear bears the status of King he is, as one anticipates, a man of extraordinary force however corruptly he gives up the entirety of this capacity to his little girls as a compensation for their exhibition of affection towards him. This untime renouncement of his seat brings about a chain response of occasions that send him through an excursion of hellfire. Ruler Lear is an allegorical depiction of one man's excursion through some serious hardship so as to appease his transgression. As the play opens one can very quickly observe that Lear starts to commit errors that will in the long run bring about his defeat. The absolute first words that he expresses in the play are :- ...Give me the guide there. Realize that we have separated In three our realm, and 'tis our quick plan To shake all considerations also, business from our age, Conferring them on more youthful qualities while we Unburdened creep to death... (Act I, Sc I, Ln 38-41) This gives the peruser the main sign of Lear's purpose to resign his seat. He goes on further to offer bits of his realm to his little girls as a type of remuneration to his trial of affection. Extraordinary adversaries in our most youthful little girl's affection, Long in our court have made their affectionate visit, What's more, here are to be replied. Let me know, my little girls (Since now we will strip us both of rule, Interest of an area, cares of state), Which of you will we say doth love us most? That we our biggest abundance may expand where nature doth with merit challenge. (Act I, Sc I, Ln 47-53) This is the first and generally huge of the numerous wrongdoings that he makes in this play. By renouncing his seat to fuel his sense of self he is disturbs the extraordinary chain of being which expresses that the King must not challenge the position that God has given him. This subverting of God's power brings about tumult that destroys Lear's reality. Leaving him, at long last, with nothing. Following this Lear starts to oust people around him that really care for him as at this stage he can't see past the cover that the abhorrent wear. He expels Kent, a steadfast worker to Lear, and his most youthful and beforehand most adored little girl Cordelia. This brings about Lear encircle himself with individuals who just wish to use him which leaves him truly defenseless assault. This is definitely what occurs and it is through this that he finds his wrongs and changes them. Following the submitting of his transgressions, Lear gets surrendered and offended from his realm which makes him free craziness. While lost in his pain and self centeredness the bonehead is acquainted with control Lear back to the normal world and to help discover the lear that was ounce lost behind a hundred Knights yet now is out in the open furthermore, frightened like a little youngster. The way that Lear has now been pushed out from behind his Knights is significantly spoken to by him really being out on the yards of his mansion. The panicked little youngster that is presently unsheltered is drastically depicted by Lear's abrupt madness and his wrath and outrage is seen through the deafening climate that is being experienced. The entirety of this adds to the enduring of Lear because of the gross sins that he has submitted. The zenith of this damnation that is experienced be Lear so as to reimburse his transgressions is toward the finish of the play when Cordelia is murdered. Lear says this before he himself passes on as he can't live without his little girl. Wail, cry, yell! O, you are men of stones. Had I your tongues and eyes, I'd use them so That paradise's vault should break. She's gone for ever! I know when one is dead, and when one lives. She's dead as earth. Loan me a mirror. In the event that that her breath will fog or stain the stone, Why, at that point she lives. (Act V, Sc iii, Ln 306-312) The entirety of this torment Lear endured is followed back to the single most significant mistake that he made. The decision to surrender his seat. This one sin has demonstrated to have gigantic repercussions upon Lear and the lives of everyone around him inevitably murdering practically those who were included. Also, one is left to inquire one's self if a solitary wrong turn can

Self-Injury Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Self-Injury Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Depression Causes Print An Overview of Self-Injury and Cutting By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 27, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 Antonioguillem / istockphoto More in Depression Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Types Childhood Depression Suicide In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatments Coping View All Back To Top Self-injury involves self-inflicted, nonsuicidal bodily harm that is severe enough to either cause tissue damage or to leave marks that last several hours. Cutting is the most common form of self-injury but burning, headbanging, and scratching are also common. Other forms of self-harm include biting, skin picking, hair pulling, hitting the body with objects, or hitting objects with the body. Symptoms Self-harm is not always easy to detect because people often try to hide it. Some signs that a person might be self-injuring include: Scars that occur in a pattern, sometimes restricted to one area of the bodyKeeping sharp objects, such as knives, needles, or razor blades, on handFresh scars, scratches, bite marks, or bruisesRepeatedly rubbing one area of the bodyWearing long sleeves and pants even in very hot weatherLow self-esteemNegative self-talk, statements of hopelessnessFeelings of worthlessnessUnpredictable, impulsive behaviorMaking excuses to explain away visible injuries Warning Signs People who self-injure become very adept at hiding scars or explaining them away. Look for signs such as a preference for wearing concealing clothing at all times (e.g., long sleeves in hot weather), an avoidance of situations where more revealing clothing might be expected (e.g., unexplained refusal to go to a party), or unusually frequent complaints of accidental injury (e.g., a cat owner who frequently has scratches on her arms). Methods of self-injury can include: CuttingBurningScratchingSelf-hittingPinchingHead-bangingPiercing skin with needles or sharp objectsHair pullingInserting objects under the skin People sometimes only engage in one form of self-injury, but it is not uncommon for multiple methods to be used. The arms are one of the areas that people self-harm most frequently, but other areas of the body including the legs and torso are also common targets.   Causes Self-harm is a complex condition that has no simple explanation. Although suicidal feelings may accompany self-injury, it does not necessarily indicate a suicide attempt. Most often self-harm is simply a mechanism for coping with emotional distress. People who select this emotional outlet may use it to express feelings, deal with feelings of unreality or numbness, stop flashbacks, punish themselves, or relieve tension. Self-harm is not recognized as a mental illness, but the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) lists nonsuicidal self-injury as a proposed condition under the category of conditions in need of further study.   Self-injury is also associated with certain conditions including depression, bipolar disorder, OCD, borderline personality disorder, PTSD, eating disorders, anxiety disorders, and alcohol and substance use. Risk Factors Risk factors for self-injury include: Sex: Females are thought to self-injure at a greater rate than malesAge: Teens and young adults are more likely to self-harm  Mental disorders: Having another mental health condition can increase the risk of self-injuryTrauma: Past stress and trauma during childhood can increase the risk of self-injury behaviorsDrug and alcohol misuse: Cutting, burning, and other forms of self-harm may occur when a person is under the influence of a substance Self-injury indicates a lack of coping skills for dealing with severe emotional distress. People who self-harm may struggle to understand and manage their emotions. They also may not have the necessary skills to cope with stress and trauma in healthy ways. Although self-injury such as cutting is recognized as a common problem among the teenage population, it is not limited to adolescents. People of all sexes, nationalities, socio-economic groups, and ages can self-injure. While suicide is not the intent of self-injury, self-harm has a strong association with suicide attempts. In one study of adolescents, 46% who had engaged in nonsuicidal self-injury went on to attempt suicide before the age of 21.?? Diagnosis Self-injury is not a recognized disorder, but it is a sign that a person needs help coping. A doctor will start by evaluating whether or not the individual is suicidal and treating any physical injuries that are present. A doctor or therapist will then evaluate the persons health history including: The emotions that are associated with the behaviorsHow long the self-injury has been taking placeThe severity and types of injuries that have taken place The next step is to determine if the individual has a coexisting psychiatric condition and to evaluate if the person is at risk for suicide. Once these assessments have been made, the doctor can make recommendations for treatment. Treatments Medications such as antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and anxiolytics may alleviate the underlying feelings that the patient is attempting to cope with through self-injury. In addition to treating any coexisting psychiatric conditions, cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) can be an effective treatment for nonsuicidal self-injury. This type of therapy addresses underlying negative thought patterns as well as the harmful behaviors themselves. Another important aspect of treatment is learning better coping mechanisms to replace the self-harm behaviors. Once the person is stable, therapeutic work should be done to help cope with the underlying problems that are causing their distress. Some experts say that hospitalization or forced stopping of the self-injury is not a helpful treatment. It may make the doctor and involved friends and family feel more comfortable, but does nothing to help the underlying problems. Further, the person is generally neither psychotic nor actively suicidal and will benefit more from working with a doctor who is compassionate to the reasons that they are hurting themselves. A desire to cooperate and get well is a major factor in recovery. Of course, if you or a loved one has a life-threatening injury or might attempt suicide, call 911 immediately. Coping If someone you know is engaging in cutting or some other form of self-injury, there are things that you can do to offer support and assistance. Offer non-judgmental support. People who engage in self-harm tend to be self-critical and struggle with feelings of worthlessness. Show that you care and are concerned and encourage the individual to reach out to a parent, counselor, or doctor. You might not understand the behavior, but it is important not to dismiss their emotions.Dont threaten. If it is a child or teen who is engaging in self-harm, avoid making accusations or threats. Talk to your childs pediatrician or a mental health professional about what steps you should take next.Encourage them to seek help. Offer to help them find a doctor or mental health professional. 10 Ways to Help Someone With Depression A Word From Verywell In addition to the risk of accidental life-threatening injuries, self-harm behaviors such as cutting also present a risk of scarring and infection. If you are engaging in self-injury, no matter how minor or infrequent, you should talk to your doctor. Such actions are a sign of a larger problem that needs to be addressed, so the sooner you get help, the better the outcome. How to Talk to Your Doctor About Depression

Gender Differences in Leadership Styles and Behaviour - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3331 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/21 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Gender Essay Leadership Essay Organization Essay Did you like this example? LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT Gender Differences in Leadership Presented by: Karishma Sehgal Roll number: 088520 Table of contents SNo. | Title| 1| Overview of the study| 2| Objectives of this study| 3| Masculine and feminine leadership| 4| Factors that influence an individual’s leadership style(Not gender-linked)| 5| Leadership The Indra Nooyi Way| 6| Howard Shultz Leadership Of Starbucks Coffee| 7| Comparative study of the leadership styles of Indra Nooyi and Howard Schultz| 8| Conclusion| 9| References| Gender Differences in Leadership Styles and Behaviour Overview of the study: The term leaders refers to persons holding formal positions of leadership in complex organizations in industry, government, education, politics, the arts, sciences, and professions. Historically, gender precluded most females from becoming leaders in such organizations; as a result, the assumption that males were better suited than females for leadership roles was, until r ecently, rarely questioned. Certainly much progress has been made particularly within the middle management ranks of the corporate world where women now hold about 45% of the professional, administrative, and managerial positions. However, the idea of women in top leadership roles is still difficult for many to grasp (presence of a so-called â€Å"glass ceiling† is said to have inhibited women from advancing to the highest level of management in most organizations), and the women who do succeed in attaining those positions need to be both exceptional and exceptionally able to deal with enormous social and psychological pressures. It is clear that women have found it more difficult to move up the organizational ladder. But is it a difference in leadership styles that has impeded women’s progress? One big issue that the society might not have taken into consideration is that these assumed differences may also depend on other reasons such as age, background, culture or education. It is obvious that leadership is a male dominated one. Leaders are often described with adjectives such as â€Å"competitive,† â€Å"aggressive,† or â€Å"dominant,† which are typically associated with masculinity. Perception of what constitutes good or appropriate leadership behaviours has been described as driven by older stereotypes that favour men as having more leadership qualifications. Sywensky and Madden (1996) argue that even when women have the skills and abilities necessary to effectively lead in an organization; they may still have difficulty convincing others of their leadership capacity. Sometimes this pressure might lead to a form of double-bind wherein a woman leader must act tough and authoritative (i. e. masculine) in order to be taken seriously but may be perceived negatively when she acts in a more aggressive manner (Oakley, 2000). Objectives of this study: * To study the inherent differences in the leadership styles of men and women and to determine whether these differences are gender linked. To study what other factors (apart from gender) influence the leadership style of men and women. * To study the leadership approach and qualities of a male and a female leader and compare them. Masculine and feminine leadership 1. Male leaders usually have a transactional leadership style According to Judy Rosener, PhD, the primary distinction between male and female leaders is, while not all are stereotypes, men have a transactional leadership style while women lead with transformational attributes. 2. Male leaders are more risk taking According to a study conducted by Marie-Theresa Edbauer Ida Svensson (Swedish Management researchers), women leaders in general tend to discuss things for a long period, trying to look at them from various points of view, but once they have made a decision, they implement it. On the other hand, men make decisions rather fast, but before implementing them they make a new and a djusted decision. The reason for this is that men are naturally more risk-taking and therefore use a faster decision-making system. 3. Male leaders put tasks before relationships Men are considered to set tasks before relationships, while women on the other hand are more people- oriented and focus more on establishing interpersonal relationships. They are warmer and softer compared to their male counterparts. 4. Male leaders are more inclined to an authoritative style Male leaders more frequently operate in mediums bound by hierarchy, status, rules and orders. In contrast, women normally function with connectivity and closeness as paramount. For women, status and hierarchy are not key and women are not predisposed to giving orders, but rather express preferences and suggestions which are likely accepted. . Male leaders communicate â€Å"to-the-point† Male leaders usually keep it short and sweet. No personal talk, just down to business and go. Female leaders on the other ha nd talk on a more personal note while addressing subordinates. According to Rolf Graner there are general scattered attitudes which make men and women function differently (Graner, 1994). Those attitudes are the following: Male properties| Female properties| Result oriented| Relation oriented| Logical| Intuitive| Independent| Dependent| Focused on competition| Cooperativeness| Restrained| Emotional| Investigating| Caring| Selfish| Understanding| Powerful| Soft| Bold| Careful| (GENDER SCATTERED ATTITUDES, GRANER 1994, P. 122) Factors that influence an individual’s leadership style (Not gender-linked) 1. The individual’s personal background What personality, knowledge, values, ethics, and experiences does the leader have? What does he or she think will work? These factors have a great bearing on how the leaders deal with business situations and their leadership style in general. 2. The organization The traditions, values, philosophy, vision and concerns of the organiz ation influence how a leader acts. It is necessary for any leader to base his/her actions in conformity with the vision of his/her organisation. Accordingly, they adopt styles that reflect the values and concerns of their company. 3. Staff being supervised In an organisation, there are employees with different personalities and backgrounds; sometimes the leaders alter their leadership styles depending upon the individual staff and what he or she will respond best to. Leadership The Indra Nooyi Way Leadership is hard to define and good leadership even harder. But if you can get people to follow you to the ends of the earth, you are a great leader. As a leader, I am tough on myself and I raise the standard for everybody; however, I am very caring because I want people to excel at what they are doing so that they can aspire to be me in the future. Indra Nooyi in an interview to CNBC, in June 2008 As someone who has always aspired to build a company committed to its people and to the world, I admire her determination to achieve sustainability at an established company like PepsiCo. And I believe that all socially responsible companies could learn from Indra Nooyis style of leadership. Howard Schultz, President and CEO of Starbucks Coffee Company, on presenting Nooyi the 2008 Time 100 award Indra Nooyi’s Bio Nationality: Indian. Born: October 28, 1955, in Madras, India. Education: Madras Christian College, BS, 1976; Indian Institute of Management, MBA, 1978; Yale University, master of public and private management, 1980. Occupation (Current): CEO, PepsiCo Brief of Indra Nooyi’s Journey at PepsiCo Indra Krishnamurthy Nooyi (Nooyi) became the first woman CEO of PepsiCo Incorporated (PepsiCo) in 2006 at the age of 50. She was listed among Time magazines Worlds 100 Most Influential People in 2008. In a poll conducted by Forbes Magazine for the Worlds 100 Most Powerful Women in 2008, she was ranked Number 3. In Fortune Magazines annual ranking of Americas leading business women titled 50 Most Powerful Women in Business, she was ranked #1 for three successive years in 2006, 2007, and 2008. Nooyi joined PepsiCo as Senior Vice President (SVP), Strategic Planning, in 1994. As SVP, she directed the companys global strategy. She initiated and mapped out a number of PepsiCos strategic decisions including the spinning off of its restaurant business, the merger with Quaker Oats Company, an American food conglomerate and the acquisition of Tropicana, among other contracts. In 2000, Nooyi was promoted as PepsiCos Chief Financial Officer (CFO). She was also provided a seat on the Board of Directors and assigned the additional role of President with associated responsibilities for PepsiCos corporate functions including finance, strategy, business-process optimization, and information technology. In 2006, Nooyi became the fifth CEO of PepsiCo. As CEO, she continued to steer PepsiCo based on the vision of Performance with Purpose . She implemented a number of measures to improve the sustainability of the companys operations and image by focusing on improvements in the health implications of PepsiCo products. Measures such as removing trans-fats from PepsiCo snacks, product innovations in the Quaker Oats brand to come out with a range of consumer perceived healthy snacks, categorization of its snacks into three categories named fun for you, good for you, and better for you were undertaken under her leadership. Indra Nooyi as a leader Being a woman, an immigrant and her colour made it thrice as difficult for her to reach this destination, but the only mantra she followed during the course of time was â€Å"working twice as hard as the male counterpart†. 1. Change Orientation – â€Å"Don’t Wait. Change before you’re forced to† Indra Nooyi as a leader believes that constant change is necessary for every business to stay relevant. She was instrumental in the strategic reshap ing of PepsiCo. The results were exceedingly brilliant. But, according to her, sooner the changes are implemented, the better it is. According to her, ideally, a business leader should continually re-assess and re-evaluate the fundamental proposition of his or her business. 2. People orientation – â€Å"You Can’t Do it Without People† â€Å"Numbers matter, but you live and die by your people. † – said Indra Nooyi at a seminar. In the course of restructuring PepsiCo, the employees operated under some truly extraordinary demand with increased workloads, unreasonable deadlines and tremendous pressure. Indra Nooyi however made sure that the employees were acknowledged for their contributions in a very â€Å"public† way. Also, she ensured that the employees were not over-burdened with work and that the organisation did not ask them to perform beyond their capacity. 3. Good planning â€Å"Plan all you can, pressure-test that plan. And when you’re finished, plan some more. If you’re going to make mistakes, it’s a lot cheaper to make them on paper during the planning process. † Indra Nooyi attaches a lot of importance to planning. During PepsiCo’s merger with Quaker, it was proper, detailed planning that brought the businesses together successfully. . Humility Indra Nooyi emphasises on the importance of humility and particularly, a willingness to acknowledge what we don’t know or what we’re not sure about. According to her- â€Å"In business that’s sometimes tough. Acknowledging that you don’t know something or appearing unsure or relying on others may be seen by some as a sign of weakness. It isn’t. The key to gaining wisdom is openness†. 5. Proper communication According to Indra Nooyi, one of the most critical roles of a company’s leader is to communicate well and clearly. People in an organisation perform and deliver extraordinaril y results if the leaders of the organisation make their corporate goals and aspirations very clear. â€Å"It’s amazing the great things your organization can achieve when your goals are clear and your people understand what’s in it for them†. Says Nooyi Howard Shultz Leadership Of Starbucks Coffee â€Å"Our mission statement about treating people with respect and dignity is not just words but a creed we live by every day. You cant expect your employees to exceed the expectations of your customers if you dont exceed the employees expectations of management†. Howard Shultz Howard Shultz’s bio Nationality: American. Born: July 19, 1953 in Brooklyn, New York. Education: Northern Michigan University, BS, 1975. Career: Xerox Corporation, 1976–1979, sales; Hammarplast, 1979–1982, manager of U. S. operations; Starbucks Corporation, 1982–1985, director of retail operations and marketing; Giornale, 1985–1987, founder and CEO; Sta rbucks Corporation, 1987–2000, chairman and CEO; 2000–, chairman and chief global strategist. Brief of Howard Shultz’s journey at Starbucks Schultz grew up in Brooklyn, where he was deeply affected by his fathers struggle to provide for his family. Looking for a way to stand out and be successful, Schultz turned to sports and gained a football scholarship to Northern Michigan University in 1971. He was an unmotivated student, however, and didnt discover his fore-most talent until he took a sales position with the Xerox Corporation. Schultz flourished in competitive environments and rose quickly when he joined the house wares company Hammarplast in 1979. As a general manager with Hammarplast he travelled to Seattle in 1981 to investigate a small coffee company that was ordering an extraordinary number of specially shaped coffee filters. This was his first encounter with Starbucks. Schultz was immediately captivated by the passion of Starbucks founders, Gord on Bowker and Jerry Baldwin. Fired with enthusiasm, Schultz soon talked them into hiring him as their director of retail operations and marketing. Despite the misgivings of his family, Schultz gave up a respectable job in Manhattan to immerse himself in the arcane business of gourmet coffee. He even found himself attracted to the countercultural aura of Seattle that had given birth to the American coffeehouse. Most importantly he had found a business he could be passionate about, and he threw himself into it wholeheartedly. In 1982, he joined Starbucks Coffee Company in Seattle as the Director of Marketing. After joining Starbucks, while Schultz was on a buying trip to Milan, Italy, he noted that coffee bars existed on practically every street. He learned that they not only served excellent espresso, they also served as meeting places or public squares; they were a big part of Italys societal glue, and there were 200,000 of them in the country. On his return, he tried to persuade the owners (including Jerry Baldwin) to offer traditional espresso beverages in addition to the whole bean coffee, leaf teas and spices they had long offered. After a successful pilot of the cafe concept, the owners refused to roll it out company-wide, saying they didnt want to get into the restaurant business. Frustrated, Schultz started his own coffee shop named Il Giornale in 1985. Two years later, the original Starbucks management decided to focus on Peets Coffee Tea and sold its Starbucks retail unit to Schultz and Il Giornale for $3. 8 million. Schultz renamed Il Giornale with the Starbucks name and aggressively expanded Starbucks reach across the United States. Schultzs keen insight in real estate and his insatiable appetite for coffee drinks drove him to grow the company rapidly. Schultz didnt believe in franchising, so made a point of having Starbucks own every domestic outlet with one exception. Schultz also went 50-50 with Magic Johnson on stores in minority commu nities. Schultz is also a significant stakeholder in Jamba Juice. On January 8, 2008 Schultz regained his status as CEO of Starbucks after a hiatus of 8 years. Howard Shultz as a leader 1. Vision According to Howard Shultz, to make a business a success, one must have a strong and bold vision. A successful leader must be able to see opportunities and respond to them before others can. He also adds that vision alone is not sufficient to make a company successful. â€Å"A successful company can’t sustain itself on exhilarating ideas alone. Many business visionaries have failed as leaders because they could not execute. Process and systems, discipline and efficiency are needed to create a foundation before ideas can be implemented and entrepreneurial vision can be realized†. 2. Need for change Howard Shultz believes that a business should constantly introduce changes to flourish and grow even if it is doing reasonably well. He says- â€Å"The world is changing. Ever y year, customer’s needs and tastes change. The competition heats up. Employees change. Managers change. Even when life seems perfect, you have to take risks and jump to the next level, or you’ll start spiralling downhill into complacency without even realizing it. † 3. Integrity and Passion Being passionate about your business is the key ingredient to its success. When you are passionate, you come across as excited, energetic, and enthusiastic — all of the qualities employees like to see in their leaders. Schultz’s passion rubs off on employees and they in turn deliver exceedingly good performance which pleases the customers at Starbucks. 4. People orientation According to Schultz, it is necessary for a leader to build a relation of trust and confidence with his/her employees. The employees directly affect the quality of products and services the company’s customers receive. People will determine the ultimate success of a company. Product s are inert. A leader must hire great people, celebrate their passions and their skills, and give them the freedom to do their jobs right. To build employee commitment towards the business, it is necessary that they are able to trust the leader’s judgement and be sure that their efforts will be valued. Comparative study of the leadership styles of Indra Nooyi and Howard Schultz In general, both the leaders possess similar leadership traits that have helped them reach such great heights in their respective careers. Contrary to the popular perception of women being more â€Å"people oriented†, Howard Schultz lays great emphasis on the same and feels that it is extremely necessary to value your employees and develop a rapport with them so that they can count on you, trust you. Similarly Indra Nooyi recognises the importance of treating her employees well and to ensure that their efforts are recognised and that they are not over-worked. Also, both the leaders emphasi se that an organisation in order to sustain and grow, must undergo constant change. They also say that leaders must always keep a look out for opportunities and grab hold of them before their competitors can. Both leaders come across as visionaries. Howard Schultz particularly also mentions that vision without implementation is not sufficient and will not deliver any outcomes. Both leaders feel that they should encourage participation from their subordinates and not just give orders and expect them to adhere to them. Indra Nooyi also feels that she can learn a lot from her employees and is open to their ideas and suggestions. Howard Schultz feels that once a good performer is hired, he/she should be given the freedom to do his/her job in a way he/she thinks is right. Conclusion To conclude the study, we can say that the differences between male and female leadership exist, but the differences are not solely gender related. Also, the preconceived notions of people cause them to make judgements about variations in leadership styles of leaders of the opposite sexes. In some instances, there may be no perceived differences at all in leadership styles between men and women. In other cases, people may perceive men and women to act differently based on their own socially constructed conceptions of gender. Differences may have more to do with personality aptitudes and gender stereotypes than with actual differences in leadership due to gender. Generally, women are perceived as more democratic leaders. Their styles involve a sharing of information and promotion of cooperative learning. Women also share the power with their employees, enabling them to see and believe that their opinions matter. They have strong interpersonal and relational skills that make them seem empathic and effective to their staffs. They are expected to smile and be considerate as well as open to negotiation. Male leaders on the other hand represent the notion of rugged individuality and conform to the ideals of masculinity in the workplace. They are autocratic, focused on directing performance and finding solutions by considering wins and losses. Their competitive nature can make them appear less hands-on and approachable, though they often epitomize a calm, cool demeanour. Males are seen as formal authorities and are often on the top of the corporate ladder in industries dominated by highly educated women. Regardless of how women are perceived as leaders, the evidences collected by many researchers strongly suggest that women and men are equally effective as leaders across many different types of situations. Despite the perceived similarity in the way men and women lead and for the fact that women tend to be equally effective as men as leaders, women still face significant difficulties in going up to top levels of management in business organizations. References * https://www. thepracticeofleadership. net * https://www. career-bios. com * https://www. refere nceforbusiness. com * www. scribd. com * www. slideshare. net * https://www. icmrindia. org * https://www. essays. se * https://ivythesis. typepad. com * https://www. allbusiness. com Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gender Differences in Leadership Styles and Behaviour" essay for you Create order

The Medias Influence on Body Image Essay - 4394 Words

Eleven million women in the United States suffer from eating disorders- either self-induced semistarvation (anorexia nervosa) or a cycle of bingeing and purging with laxatives, self-induced vomiting, or excessive exercise (bulimia nervosa) (Dunn, 1992). Many eating disorder specialists agree that chronic dieting is a direct consequence of the social pressure on American females to achieve a nearly impossible thinness. The media has been denounced for upholding and perhaps even creating the emaciated standard of beauty by which females are taught from childhood to judge the worth of their own bodies (Stephens Hill, 1994). To explore the broader context of this controversial issue, this paper draws upon several aspects influencing†¦show more content†¦Disturbances in the attitudinal element usually result in dissatisfaction with body appearance (Monteath McCabe, 1997). Perceptions about body images are shaped from a variety of experiences and begin to develop in early childhood. It has been shown that children learn to favor thin body shapes by the time they enter school (Cohn Adler, 1992). Gustafson, Larsen, and Terry (1992) reported that 60.3 percent of fourth grade girls wanted to be thinner, and the desire for less body fat was significantly associated with an increase occurrence of weight-loss related behaviors. Overall body size and image concerns have been reported to be more prevalent among females than males. Gender related differences in acceptable body size are shaped from a variety of societal definitions of appealing shapes for males and females. Patterns of body dissatisfaction formed in childhood and adolescence persist into adulthood and are most prevalent in females. In their study, Fallon and Rozin (1985) reported that college women perceive their figure to be heavier than the figure they identified as the most attractive to themselves (Lavine, Sweeney, Wagener, 1999). The American culture thrives on food and there is an increasing repertoire of foods to choose from on a daily basis. More money is spent on food advertising than on most other products and services in theShow MoreRelatedMedias Influence on Body Image Essay example1550 Words   |  7 Pagesportraying the thin women as â€Å"ideal† .This research plans to look at the effects of media on the body imag e of women. This cumulates the findings of empirical studies that observe the effects of media on body image. This study will also look at the different social comparison theories that relate media and body image. It will also investigate the different sources of media that have an impact on the body image of women. 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Development of the Adolescent Free Essays

Crystal Herring September 3, 2003 Mr. Boyleston English 101 Face it! Reality TV is here to stay. No matter what you do or which channel you try to derail you are eventually going run into to one of those shows that reals you in. We will write a custom essay sample on Development of the Adolescent or any similar topic only for you Order Now It’s something that keeps the TV audiences on the edge of their seats with their cliff hanger endings, displays of raw, unbridled emotions, and insane ways people behave for love, money and fifteen minutes of fame. Through the eyes of a classic example of a teenager growing up on MTV’s Real World, I see reality TV as an escape from the boring rigors of my own life to then in turn concentrate on omething more exciting and humorous. It’s clearly apart of our society, and many others also, that we as Americans thrive on these sort of sitcoms. When we think our lives are at their worst just watch a complete stranger having troubles and it is strangely comforting. Is quality entertainment infact watching people make complete fools of themselves for the soul cost of being on TV? Well, that is a question which is personally acquired. For me, eating bugs doesn’t validate my insecurities and make me feel that I am the bigger, stronger person. Personal acheivements and triumphs definately fill that void for me. So I agree that the producers of these shows can sometimes take them to extreme measures for ratings, but isn’t that the purpose? It’s a dog eat dog world, survival of the fittest. My response to this is I can simply choose to entertain myself with certain reality shows such as The Real World and hate Fear Factor. That is the beauty of it all. Don’t let one bad apple spoil the whole tree. Give a particular show a chance. You could find things in yourself you would personally like to change by seeing flaws in other people and watching this blunt form of reality can really make you realize what kind of eople you like. Reality shows are harmless, entertaining and clearly not going any where any time soon. When you have millions of public viewers watching a particular season finale that’s entertainment. So until our society doesn’t thrive on living vicariously through other’s lives, there’s no way that anyone can protest enough against rea lity TV to get rid of this type of mass entertainment. Anti-reality show viewers would have to convince the entire United States of America and many other countries that reality TV is degrading and frivolous. And that, you see, is another show all together. How to cite Development of the Adolescent, Papers

The Spectacled Bear Essays - Bears, Spectacled Bear, Tremarctos

The Spectacled Bear The Spectacled Bear, or Tremarctos Ornatus, is an endangered species. This rare bear can only be found in a few elusive spots in the world. Many endangered species all over the world don't deserve the respect and care that they need. That is why many endangered species often become extinct or remain on the endangered species list for the remainder of their survival on Earth. Today, as more species become endangered, more people become involved in their care. Many things are being done to save endangered species, including safe, poacher-free environments in captivity, and wildlife preservations, to name a few. Only a handful of zoos and sanctuaries around the globe are lucky enough to be able to try to breed and care for rare endangered species. The Phoenix Zoo is an example of this. Right now, they have captive many endangered species, including the almost extinct Mexican Wolf and Spectacled Bear. In their newest exhibit, called ?The Forest of Uco,? the Phoenix Zoo has Spectacled bears and other animals from South America, the Spectacled Bears' homeland. The Forest is a great place for the Spectacled Bears to exist, and a great place for everyone to observe their beauty. The Spectacled Bear's name is derived from their markings. Around their eyes, the Spectacled Bear has white rings, contrasting with their dark brown bodies. These look like spectacles, hence the name. Though it is quite easy to see why they got their name, the Spectacled bears do not live up to it so strongly. When observed closely, Spectacled Bears, in most cases, don't have spectacles at all. In fact, most Spectacled Bears have white ?sideburns? or faint rings. They are a beautiful species, no matter what the extent of their markings is. Spectacled Bears belong to the class Mammalia, order Carnivora, family Ursidae, and genus/species Tremarctos Ornatus. All bears belong to Mammalia, Carnivora, Ursidae, and the genus Ursus Linnaeus. These are the scientific names for the Spectacled Bear and all bears. The Spectacled Bear is not a relatively big bear, but is decent in size. Its body length is, on average, 6 ft in head and body length, with a tail length of 70 mm. The bears weigh in at about 300lbs (fully grown male). They stand about 30 in at the shoulders. The Spectacled Bear is vividly and beautifully colored. Their fur is black-brown, with lighter tones towards their chest and neck. Their muzzle is mostly light brown to red, and white. Of course, their face is gorgeously decorated. It has thin white bands that wrap around it eyes and muzzle. These markings are quite easy to recognize and identify. Spectacled Bears have a very limited diet. They feed largely on plant matter, including leaves, shoots, fruits and roots. In Ecuador, the Bear's main source of plant matter is the Pambili Palm Tree. The bear climbs to the top of the tree, and strips it of its leaves, which fall to the ground. The bear then dismounts the tree and it eats the fallen leaves. Also, the bear will tear open the green flesh of young palms in order to reach the tender pith inside. It feeds on the buds of the tree, too. In the northern reaches of Peru, the bear feeds mostly on the fruits of a species called Capparis. Though mostly vegetarian, there have been cases of the Spectacled Bear feeding on meat. In the wild, it has been recorded that the Spectacled Bear will, if necessary, feed on deer, guanacos, and vicunas. Also, the Bear will eat meat in captivity if necessary. The bear will feed on small rodents such as rats and insects, to deer and wild boar. When hungry, the bear loves corn, but will often pay the price of his life to farmers, whose crops the bears will raid. Although the bear is a predator, it is not known to be prey to any larger animals. The Spectacled Bear is native to South America. There are many different countries and regions that it spans, but it mainly occupies the northern regions of Chile and the southern regions of Bolivia and Peru. Though these are the bears' common home, it has been found as far as Ecuador, Columbia, and Venezuela. The Spectacled Bear is really native to the foothills of the Andes Mountains. The Bear can actually live in elevations up to 3,658 meters. Though it is found in elevations of only 457